Its integrated with the housing. The smaller pipe on the right is the bypass. The larger pipe on the left connects to lower radiator pipe. It's currently stuck closed. This means that water circulates through the engine block and back to the bypass avoiding the radiator until the water has reached temperature. Once the water is at 89 degrees, the thermostat opens and lets water flow from the back of the engine and through the radiator, back to the thermostat. However this is not opening, so water never passes through the radiator for cooling. Best test for this is to check the bottom radiator pipe which is cold when the gauge is showing 100 degrees which is to hot.
It's a nightmare to remove (only 3 bolts) with the car completed, and it took nearly 3 hours to get it out. I have tested it using boiling water and it failed 3 tests, then only barely worked on the last test. I will source a replacement, and test it before it goes in. Hopefully I can get it sorted and do another test run next week.
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